| Review of Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Brain Surgery |
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Kyoung-Min Jang, Yong-sook Park |
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Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea |
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| Abstract |
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Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is a modality for monitoring whether the functions of the cranial, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves are maintained during surgery. It aims to identify unknown neural structures to detect nerves that are damaged at the early stage, and it requires close cooperation between neurophysiologists and surgeons as well as anesthesiology teams. Recent advances in novel devices and techniques have increased the accuracy and utility of IONM. In the meantime, electroencephalography, brainstem auditory evoked potentials, and somatosensory evoked potentials have been used predominantly. Recently, methods have been extended to motor evoked potentials, visual evoked potentials, and lower brain nerve monitoring. This review discusses the principle of evoked potentials and the clinical application of each modality. |
| Key Words:
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, Evoked potential, Electromyography, Electroencephalography. |
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